高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法主謂一致知識(shí)點(diǎn)
主謂一致 就是指句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上要保持一致。要做到主謂一致,一個(gè)是要正確理解英語(yǔ)數(shù)的概念,把握名詞的數(shù),并使用相應(yīng)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;另一個(gè)就是要知道主謂一致本身遵循的兩條原則:語(yǔ)法協(xié)調(diào),意念協(xié)調(diào)。以下是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備的：高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法主謂一致知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)，歡迎參考閱讀!
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法主謂一致知識(shí)點(diǎn)如下：
主謂一致是歷年高考試題中的測(cè)試重點(diǎn)之一。一般與其它知識(shí)綜合起來(lái)考察。近幾年語(yǔ)境綜合化程度越來(lái)越高。分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、定語(yǔ)從句等場(chǎng)合下的主謂一致問(wèn)題仍將會(huì)是今后高考命題的熱點(diǎn)。
主謂一致是指一個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞保持人稱與數(shù)的一致關(guān)系。有些句子不易直接看出主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)，需仔細(xì)推敲。處理主謂一致要注意語(yǔ)法一致，意義上一致和就近一致。
高考重點(diǎn)要求：
1. 根據(jù)主謂一致的三個(gè)原則(語(yǔ)法一致,意義一致，就近一致), 判斷和確定句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致
2. 掌握固定詞組作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與主語(yǔ)保持一致
考生在掌握主謂一致的基本原則的同時(shí)，也要特別注意語(yǔ)法一致的原則，而且分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、定語(yǔ)從句等場(chǎng)合下的主謂一致問(wèn)題仍將會(huì)是今后高考命題的熱點(diǎn)。
復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)需注意的要點(diǎn)
1、 集體名詞看作整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，看作各個(gè)成員時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。
例如：His family isn’t large.
His family are all fond of music.
2、 些名詞如news, maths, physics等雖然有詞尾“s”但意義上是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。
例如：The news is wonderful.
Physics is an interesting subject.
3、 由數(shù)詞+表示重量、里程、時(shí)間、金錢(qián)等名詞所構(gòu)成的復(fù)數(shù)名詞主語(yǔ)，是當(dāng)作一個(gè)整體看待的，后面用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
例如：Five minutes is too short.
Ten dollars is enough.
4、 主語(yǔ)后面跟有介詞with或together with 引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般與前面的主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)一致。
例如：The teacher together with ten students is doing an experiment in the lab.
5、 主語(yǔ)前有every或each修飾時(shí)，無(wú)論有幾個(gè)主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
例如：Every teacher and every student in our school has been to the Century Park.
【精選試題】 名校模擬題及其答案
1、He is the only one of the students who _______a winner of scholarship for three years.
A. is B. are C. have been D. has been
2、Professor Smith, along with his assistants, ____ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
A. work B. working C. is working D. are working
3、Not only ______interested in football but ______beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself is … all his students are
B. the teacher himself is …are all his students
C. is the teacher himself …are all his students
D. is the teacher himself …all his students are
4、----“Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _____ to go to university.”
----“So do I.”
A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped
5、E-mail, as well as telephone, ______ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. hoped
6、Books of this kind ______ well.
A. sell B. sells C. are sold D. is sold
7、Every possible means ______ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used
8、When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ______ yet.
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
9、The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them _____ absent for differentreasons.
A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were
10、______ of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth…is B. Two fifth…are C. Two fifths…is D. Two fifths…are
11. Nowadays，a large number of women，especially those who conicfromthe countryside， inthe clothing industry".
A .is working B.works C.work D worked
12._ of the land in that district covered withtrees and grass.
A.Two-fifth;is B.Two-fifth;are C Two-fifths;is D Two-fifths;are
13.About 90 percent of the equipment presented by the administration，as well as the facilities of our own， made good use of in teaching.
A.have B.has C.have been D.has been
14.The nunther of the students who took part in the competition 500，but only a small number of them chosen。
A was;were B were;was C.were;were D.w;was
15.A large of money is spent on the Hope Project and a good inany schools setp.
A amount：has been B amount：have been
C.number;has been D deal;have been
16.Large quantities ofinformafion，as well as methnely help， since the organization was built.
A has offered B.had been omred
C.have been offered D.is offered
17. your brother or you to blame for the broken TV set?
A.Be B.Are C Is D Were
18. changed，and whatever men can do，woltllen call do，too
A Age had B Ages have C.Times have D Time has
19.To play table tennis and to go swimming good for character training
A is B.are C was D were
20.She is the only one of the students who a winner of the match.
A.1s B are C.have been D.had been
21. More than one high official by the police since the mayor war shot dead.
A.has been questioned B. have been questioned
C. was questioned D.were questioned
22.Half of the food in the bag bad.You’d better throw it away.
A. has B.have C .are D. ls
23.What we want good textbooks.
A .have B.has C. is D .are
24.He no less than I eager goto the Great Wall.
A. am B. iS C.are D.were
25.The construction of the two new railway lines by now.
A. has been completed B. have been completed
C .has completed D.have completed
26.The famous writer as well as his wife and daughter said to our party，but so far they .
A .are;have attended;don’t turn up B.is;have attended;haven’t turnedp
C.is;attend;haven’t turned up D. are;attend;don’t turn up
27.Today Chinese by more and more people around the world
A.was spoken B. speak C.spoke D. is spoken
28. What you said quite to the point but what we need experienced technical workers.
A. is;ale B. is;is C.are;are D.are;is
29.Internet，as well as newspapers and magazines， an inportant part in our daily life.
A. have played B.are playing
C. is playing D.has been played
30.一Cydia，what did you hear our teacher said just now?
一Every boy and every girl as well as the teacher who to lead the group asked to be at the school gate before 6：30 in the morning
A.is;is B. are;ate C.are;is D. is;are
答案與解析
1、【解析】答案為D。 這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。在one前是否有定冠詞決定定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式：one of the students中的先行詞是the students，定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。the only one of the students中的先行詞是the only one，定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。又因“for three years”是完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志。
2、【解析】答案：CProfessor Smith決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù);his assistants和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)無(wú)關(guān)。
3、【解析】答案為D not only …but (also )連結(jié)兩個(gè)句子，用部分倒裝。
4、【解析】 答案為B。“each of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)”謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。
5、【解析】 本題考察主謂一致，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有as well as短語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不受as well as之后的名詞影響，仍然和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。
6、【解析】答案為A。 “kind(s) of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)依kind 單復(fù)數(shù)而定;“復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + of this/that kind ”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)依of 前面的名詞而定。本題中sell 用作不及物動(dòng)詞表示“銷(xiāo)售”。
7、【解析】答案為C。 mean單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)一個(gè)形式。在本題中代表單數(shù)。
8、【解析】答案為D。 不定式作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
9、【解析】答案為C。“the number of” 表示“……的數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù);“a number of”表示“許多”，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。
10、【解析】 答案為C?？疾鞌?shù)詞和主謂一致。分?jǐn)?shù)詞在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須跟分?jǐn)?shù)詞所修飾的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。
11C?！窘馕觥烤渥拥闹髡Z(yǔ)是a large number of women，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。其中speciallythose who conicfromthe countryside是插入成分，作womell的同位語(yǔ)。因此正確答案是C。
12.C。【解析】第一空考查分?jǐn)?shù)的構(gòu)成，當(dāng)分子大于l時(shí)，分母應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。又因主語(yǔ)Two-fifths the land中l(wèi)and是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。所以答案選C。
13 D?！窘馕觥勘揪涞闹髡Z(yǔ)是About 90 percent of the equipment，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。又因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
14 A?！窘馕觥縏he nunther of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;a nunther of可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所吼答案選A。
15.B?！窘馕觥縨oney是不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用A large amount of修飾;謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
16 C?！窘馕觥拷獯鸨卷t時(shí)應(yīng)注意as well as連接兩個(gè)名詞詞組作主語(yǔ)時(shí)主謂一致的問(wèn)題。large quantities of十名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
17.C。【解析】考查主謂一致的就近原則。因?yàn)殡x謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞最近的是your brother，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。
18.C?！窘馕觥縯ime在本句中意為時(shí)代，是可數(shù)名詞，通常用復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
19.B。【解析】此處兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，表示的不是同一個(gè)概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，且句中沒(méi)有明顯的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
20.A【解析】句中關(guān)系代詞who指代的是only one of，所以從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。
2l A?！窘馕觥靠疾橹髦^一致和時(shí)態(tài)。more than one+單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，又由since引導(dǎo)的從句的時(shí)態(tài)可知主句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故答案選A。
22 D?！窘馕觥糠治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的主語(yǔ)是Half of the food，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，且bad為形容詞，故答案選D。
23 D?！窘馕觥慨?dāng)what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由句子意思來(lái)確定。Textbooks為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。
24 B?！窘馕觥勘揪涞闹髡Z(yǔ)是He，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式，所以答案選B。
25 A。【解析】句子的主語(yǔ)是The construction，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式，且由句意可知，此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案選A。
26C?！窘馕觥縜s well as連接兩個(gè)名詞詞組作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與as weⅡas前的名詞保持一致，所以第一空謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;第二空應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形，不定式表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作;第三空由so far可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以答案選C。
27 D【解析】主語(yǔ)是Chinese漢語(yǔ)，所以句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。speak和Chinese之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。且由Today可知，此處應(yīng)用—般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故答案選D。
28 A。【解析】由what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式，但如果其表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故答案選A。
29 C?！窘馕觥縜s well as連接兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)和as well as前面的名詞保持一致。D項(xiàng)是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不正確，所答案選C。
30C?！窘馕觥縀very boy and every girl作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，所以第二空應(yīng)該用is;who引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的先行詞teacher，所以第一空應(yīng)該用are。故答案選c。