初一英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納
初一英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納：主語
一個(gè)句子中需要加以說明或描述的對(duì)象。主語的位置：
一般位于句首，由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語等充當(dāng)。
The school is far from here. 名詞做主語
She goes to school by bike. 代詞做主語
Eight is a lucky number. 數(shù)詞做主語
The blind need more help. 名詞化的形容詞做主語
There is a pen on the desk. 名詞做主語
Predicting the future is interesting. 動(dòng)名詞做主語
To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短語做主語
初一英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納：謂語
表示人或事物(主語)的動(dòng)作和存在的狀態(tài).
英語中由動(dòng)詞be、動(dòng)詞have和行為動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞
句子的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)是通過謂語表現(xiàn)出來。
謂語動(dòng)詞往往由一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加上主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成。
分析句子的主語和謂語
Mr. Li teaches English.
He can play the piano.
My parents and I are having dinner.
初一英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納：表語
用來說明主語的身份、特征、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)。
表語的位置
用在動(dòng)詞be和系動(dòng)詞的后面。
名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、副詞等都可以和連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。
Your pen is on the desk.
He got very angry.
My dream is to have a robot.
常見的系動(dòng)詞
1. be動(dòng)詞
2. 與感覺有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 等
3. 表示狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞，意為“變得” “變成” 如 get, grow, turn等
上述兩類詞作連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用形容詞作表語,千萬不能用副詞。
初一英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納：賓語
是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者。及物動(dòng)詞必須跟賓語.
及物動(dòng)詞:直接接賓語的謂語動(dòng)詞.
不及物動(dòng)詞:不能直接帶賓語的謂語動(dòng)詞.
賓語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句構(gòu)成.
I saw a plane in the sky just now. 名詞做賓語
I want three. 數(shù)詞做賓語
I like going shopping. 動(dòng)名詞做賓語
We think predicting the future is hard. 賓語從句
初一英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納：賓語補(bǔ)足語
有些及物動(dòng)詞除了要有一個(gè)賓語之外, 還須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)足語。如果沒有補(bǔ)足語(賓補(bǔ)), 有時(shí)候句子的意思就不完整。
充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)的有:
1. 形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語
The sun keeps us warm.
2. 介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語:
I found her in the room.
3. 副詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
Please let him in.
4. 名詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
We made him monitor of the class.
5. 動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞也能用作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
I asked him to come.
初一英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納：定語
定語修飾名詞或代詞(即在漢語里的……的)
1. 形容詞作定語(一般放在被修飾語之前,修飾不定代詞時(shí)放在后面)
They have a clever son.
I have something important to tell you.
2. 名詞作定語:
Is it a color film?
名詞作定語一般用單數(shù)形式, 如:
school bus, ticket office, paper flowers
但也有例外,如: sports meeting, clothes shop
man 和 woman修飾的名詞如果是復(fù)數(shù),它們總以復(fù)數(shù)的形式作定語,如:
men drivers , women doctors
3. 代詞作定語:
This song is better than that one.
4. 數(shù)詞作定語:
There are only thirty students in our class.
帶有數(shù)字的復(fù)合形容詞.當(dāng)復(fù)合形容詞用連字號(hào)連接時(shí),其中的名詞要用單數(shù)形式.
a two-day holiday a three-year-old boy
5. 副詞作定語(放在被修飾詞之后):
Do you know the young man over there?
6. 介詞短語作定語(放在被修飾詞之后):
The students in our class like swimming.
初一英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納：狀語
修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞或副詞,有的修飾全句, 用以說明地點(diǎn), 時(shí)間, 方式, 程度, 原因, 目的, 結(jié)果, 條件, 讓步等.
1. 副詞作狀語:
The old man is walking slowly. 表方式
The boy is very clever. 表程度
2. 介詞短語作狀語:
I have lived in Shanghai for five years. 表時(shí)間
3. 不定式作狀語
I come here to see you. 表目的
4. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語
The teacher came in, holding a book in his hand. 表方式
5. 狀語從句
We’ll go shopping if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
初一英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納：狀語的位置
1. 在一般情況下,用于句末。
We like our school very much.
2.為了強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語,可以把它放在句首.
I usually get up at six, but this morning I got up at eight.
3. 表頻度的副詞通常用于句中, 如always, usually, often, hardly, never,
用于行為動(dòng)詞前,be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后
I usually get up early.
He is often late.
一些副詞, 如already, once, just, soon, yet, still, nearly, almost, really, suddenly, certainly等用法相似
sometimes, now可以位于句首,句中或句末
only 在句中的位置比較靈活, 但位置不同, 意義也不同.
The actor only sang a song.
Only the actor sang a song.
The actor sang only one song.
兩個(gè)或多個(gè)狀語同時(shí)修飾時(shí)的順序
1. 地點(diǎn)狀語在前, 時(shí)間狀語在后.
We will have a meeting in Room 202 tomorrow.
2. 較小單位的狀語在前,由小到大
Mr. Li lives at 88 Chongwen Rd., Suzhou, Jiangsu.
3. 一個(gè)句子有幾個(gè)不同種類的副詞作狀語, 其順序大都是: 程度副詞,方式副詞, 地點(diǎn)副詞, 時(shí)間副詞
She sang very well at the meeting last night.
時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語也可以位于句首, 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或使上下文更為連貫
Usually I read the newspapers in the morning, but yesterday I read them in the evening.
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