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高分網(wǎng) > 初中學(xué)習(xí)方法 > 初三學(xué)習(xí)方法 > 初三英語 >

初中英語人教版知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

時(shí)間: 如英2 初三英語

  初中英語人教版知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié):介詞、連詞

  1、與形容詞搭配的介詞。

  Be afraid of be angry with be away from

  be different from be good/bad for

  be fond of(喜歡) be good at(善于) do well in(在…做得好) bi interested in(對(duì)…感興趣)

  be/get ready for(為…做準(zhǔn)備) be sure of(對(duì)…有把握)

  be worried about(對(duì)…感到擔(dān)憂) be proud of(以…自豪)

  2、與動(dòng)詞搭配的詞組。

  Look after 照顧 look for(尋找)

  take care of(照顧某人) worry about(擔(dān)心…)

  play with…(玩…) get on/off(上/下車)

  turn on/off (開/關(guān)) turn up/down (開大/關(guān)小)

  3、表示時(shí)間的介詞

  (1)in/on/at

  In+時(shí)間段(表示早上、下午、晚上、周、月、季、年、世紀(jì)或人生的某個(gè)時(shí)期)

  例如:in 1999,in juanuary,in summer.

  固定詞組:

  In the morning,in a week,in a minute,in time,in the end.

  On+具體的某日或某日的早、午、晚等。

  例如:

  On christmas day

  On the night of march 10

  At+時(shí)間點(diǎn)

  例如:

  At 3 o′clock at the harvest time

  固定詞組

  At the morning at night at last at first at once

  At this time of the year at the beginning of

  At the same time

  注意:在表示相同時(shí)間里,下列情況下一般不用介詞:

  Next/last/thing/that/tomorrow/yesterday/one/every/

  all以及the day before yesterday和the day after tomorrow前不用介詞。

  例如:不能說-in tomorrow 只能說-tomorrow

  (2)for+時(shí)間段

  Since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)/或者表示過去式的從句,這兩種都表示“延續(xù)的一段時(shí)間”,常與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。

  例如:

  He has lived here for ten years.

  He has lived here some since1991.

  He has lived here since he left school.

  (3)在…之后

  In+一段時(shí)間(用于一般將來時(shí))

  After+一段時(shí)間(用于一般過去時(shí))

  After+一點(diǎn)時(shí)間(常用于一般將來時(shí))

  例如:

  He will come back in two hours.他兩小時(shí)后就回來。

  He come back after two hours.兩個(gè)小時(shí)后他回來了。

  They will visit their teacher after Friday .星期五以后他們?nèi)タ赐蠋煛?/p>

  (4)by+過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)(表示到……為止,主句時(shí)態(tài)用過去完成時(shí))

  例如:

  We had learned fifity lessons by the end of last term.

  4、表示地點(diǎn)、范圍、趨向的介詞。

  (1)at+點(diǎn)、on+面、in+體

  例如:

  A strange stood at the door with a picture on it,looking in through a hole in the door.

  (2)aross+表面,through+空間

  例如:

  The river runs through our city,aross the fields and then into the sea.

  (3)in+大地方,at+小地方

  例如:

  He arrived at the village(或in shanghai)yesterday.

  (4)to the+方位詞+of+不接壤的地區(qū)。

  On the +方位詞+of+接壤的地區(qū)。

  In the +方位詞+of+其中的大地區(qū)

  例如:

  Japan is to the east of china.

  The pacific is on the east of china.

  Shanghai is in the east of china.

  (5)among 在…和…之間(三者或三者以上)

  Between 在…和…(兩者)之間 between…and… between強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者之間。

  例如:

  Among the students. Between you and me.

  Take some medicine between three meals.

  (6)besides+同樣情況的人或物(除…之外尚有)。

  Except+不同情況的人或物(除…之外)不包括不本身。

  Except+賓格/doing sth.

  例如:

  He went besides me .除了我以外,他也去了。

  All went except me.除了我沒去,大家都去了。

  (7)表示“關(guān)于”時(shí),about+事跡、故事等小而淺的問題。On+政治、理論、形式等而深的問題。

  例如:

  A book about a little hero.關(guān)于一位英雄的一本書。

  A book on medicine.一本醫(yī)書。

  (8)其他介詞

  用交通工具時(shí):

  By plane by bike on foot

  用語言:

  In English

  通過媒介:

  On/over the telephone on/over the radio

  用工具手段:

  With a pen with one is hands.from…to 從…到…

  (9)介詞后常用人稱代詞賓格或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。

  例如:

  You must take care of her.

  Thank you for helping me.

  (10)句型/詞組

  It si nice/kind of you .

  Be made in+地方 在某地制造

  Be made of 用…材料制成(可看見原材料)

  Be made from be made into

  二、連詞

  連詞是在詞、短語、從句或句子之間起連接作用的詞。

  1、并列連詞

  Both…and 既…又…(謂語用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞)

  Neither…nor 既不…也不(謂語動(dòng)詞由靠近他的那個(gè)主語來決定單復(fù)數(shù))。

  Either…or… 或者…或者、不是…就是

  And連接兩個(gè)并列成分、連接謂語時(shí),兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)一致,“那么”接在祈使句后表示結(jié)果。

  But“但是”表示轉(zhuǎn)折,不能與then同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中。

  Or在否定句中、并列句中的列舉常用or,而不用and.

  例如:

  I have brother and sisiter.

  I do not have brother or sisiter.

  I have no brother and no sisiter.

  注意:祈使句+or+陳述句,前后是對(duì)立的。

  例如:

  Study hard,or you won′t pass the exam.

  =if you study hard,and you′ll pass exam.

  =if you don′t study hard,you won′t pass the exam.

  祈使句+and+陳述句,前后是統(tǒng)一的。

  例如:

  Go straight on,and you′ll see a bridge.

  2、引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞

  陳述句:that可省略

  一般疑問句:if/whether “是否”;連詞特殊疑問句、特殊疑問詞

  3、引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連詞

  Because不能與so 同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中。

  4、引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語的連詞

  1)when(當(dāng)…時(shí)候),as……soon …as (一…就),not…until(直到…才),after(……之后),在這些詞引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句中,主句為一般將來時(shí),從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

  例如:

  I won′t leave until he comes.

  I will tell you as soon as I come back.

  2)since(自從……以來)引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句,主句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),從句一般過去時(shí)。

  例如:

  We have not met each other since she left here last year.

  3)while(當(dāng)…時(shí)候,一邊…一邊),引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

  例如:

  My father came in while I was doing my homework.

  5、if“如果”引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,主句用一般將來時(shí),從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

  例如:

  If it rains tomorrow,I will not climb the hills.

  注意區(qū)別:if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句,時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)語境而定。

  例如:I don′t know if it will rain tomorrow.

  6、so…that/sunch…that(如此…以致,因而)

  Such+(a)+名詞+that

  例如:

  His idea was such a good one that we all agree to use it.

  So+/形容詞或副詞/形容詞+a(n)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that/+many/few/+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞。

  例如:

  Bob is so tall that he can almost reach the ceiling.

  He ran so quickily that we couldn′t keep up with him.

  There was so little water left that only small children and patients were given some.

  注意:such a nice city=so nice a city

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