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高分網(wǎng) > 學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)方法 > 英語學(xué)習(xí)方法 >

初二英語上冊短語及句型知識點總結(jié)(3)

時間: 春燕2 英語學(xué)習(xí)方法

  與之相比beside,除了last butone。

  即beside的一般用法是"在…旁邊",但還有"和…相比"等特殊用法。

  例:I felt so weak in spoken English besidethem.和他們相比,我感到我的口語太差。

  Beside work andstudy,all else was trivial.同工作和學(xué)習(xí)比起來,其他一切都是小事。

  除了last but one,即but多指"除了"的意思,也有"倒數(shù)第幾"的意思。last but one即不是最后一個。

  例:I haven't told anybody but one.除了我愛人,我誰也沒告訴。(除了)

  Who but afoolwould study foreign language well if he is ahard working one.

  如果他勤奮好學(xué)的話,除了傻瓜誰都能學(xué)好外語。(除了)

  Look at the lastpage but one.請看倒數(shù)第2頁。

  He was the lastbut three in maths examination this time.他這次數(shù)學(xué)考試成績倒數(shù)第四。

  They live in thenext house but one.他們住在隔壁過去一家。

  復(fù)不定for、找,價,原,對,給,段,去,為,作,贊

  復(fù)不定for,即用for引出的不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),也就是for加名(代)加不定式;找,意為找到,提供;價,意為價格、工資;原,意為原因;段,意為時間或距離;去,意為去某地或開往某地;作,意為作為;贊,意為贊成(用于系表結(jié)構(gòu)。)

  例:It is high time for us to start.我們不該再遲延了。

  The most urgentthing is for us to get the preparation done.

  最重要的事情是我們要把準(zhǔn)備工作做好。

  I don't think itadvisable for him to study medicine.我想她學(xué)醫(yī)不適合。

  Your parents andrelatives are anxious for you to go to college.

  你的父母和親戚渴望你上大學(xué)。

  My home town haschanged too much for me to recognize.

  我的家鄉(xiāng)變化太大,簡直認(rèn)不出來了。

  以上例句都是for在不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的用法。

  Someone is askingfor you on the telephone.有人找你接電話。(找)

  You'd better writeto me for more information about it.

  如需更多這方面的資科和信息,你最好給我寫信。(提問,索要)

  They worked in thecompany for 200 yuan amonth.他們在這個公司干活,每月嫌200元。(價格)

  How much did youpay for the second-hand colour TV?這臺用過的彩電你花了多少錢?(價格)

  Thank you verymuch for your coming.謝謝您的光臨。(原因)

  Thank you for yourwarm hospitality.謝謝您的熱情款待。(原因)

  Forgive me forbeing tardy.請原諒我遲到了。(原因)

  I'm much obligedto you for telling me.非常感謝你給我談了這個情況。(原因)

  We have boundlessadmiration for your struggle.對你們的斗爭我們無限欽佩。(對)

  Listeningcomprehension materials are good for training our minds.

  聽力材料對訓(xùn)練我們的腦子根有好處。(對)

  Take the bittermedicine.It's good for you.吃下這藥吧,對你有好處。(對)

  There is atelegramfor 這有一份王先生的電報。(給)

  May Iuse it foraminute?我用一會兒好嗎?(一段時間)

  I followed thestealer for some distance.我跟蹤那個小偷一段路。(一段距離)

  The ship was forDalian.這破船開往大連。(去某地)

  We are off forShanghai tomorrow.明天我們?nèi)ド虾!?去某地)

  The medicine isfor reducing your temperature.這藥是退燒的。(為…目的)

  Afterbreakfast,I'll go for astroll round the town.

  吃完飯我要在城里到處走走。(為…目的)

  I'll keep thelighter given by aforeign friend for asouvenir.

  我要把外賓送給我的打火機(jī)作為紀(jì)念。(作為)

  It is only meantfor ajoke.這只是當(dāng)笑話說說罷了。(作為)

  We are all forcutting down the cost of production.我們都贊成降低生產(chǎn)成本。(贊成)

  快到、對、向towards,工、學(xué)、軍、城、上、北、南

  例:It's getting on towards the end of termnow.現(xiàn)在已快到學(xué)期未了。(快到)

  Towards midnightmy husband came back.快到半夜了我的丈夫才回來。(快到)

  Our teacher wasvery lenient towards us.我們的老師對我們很松。(對)

  What you haveinvented is really abig contribution towards our company.

  你所發(fā)明的對我們公司確實是一大貢獻(xiàn)。(對)

  The boy camerunning towards his mother.那個男孩向他母親跑去。(向著)

  所謂工、學(xué)、軍、城、上、北、南,是說up和down的用法。這也是漢英翻譯時要注意的。例如:招工,上大學(xué),參軍,進(jìn)城,

  上山,向北方等都屬于up。而相反的下鄉(xiāng),向南,落榜等都屬于down。"大軍南下,北上抗日"大概由此而來。

  | 2014-10-14分享到:最后,英語中v.-ing分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而成的特殊介詞,更須注意,根據(jù)其語法功能,把它們同現(xiàn)在分詞,動名詞和連同區(qū)分開來。即:

  respecting由于,鑒于;considering由于,鑒于;excepting除了;concerning關(guān)于;excepting for除外;excluding除外;without excepting sb.包含;including包括,包含;following在…之后;regarding關(guān)于;respecting在…方面;concerning有關(guān);

  例:considering由于;

  Considering thattable salt is the commonest source of sodium in food,the diet usually calls foreating salt-free foods.由于食鹽是鈉在食物中普遍的來源,醫(yī)生給病人規(guī)定的,飲食通常要求吃無鹽食品。

  respecting鑒于:

  Respecting theheavy rain,we had to put off the match.

  鑒于下大雨,我們不得不推遲了這場比賽。

  excepting除了:

  excepting可單獨(dú)使用,可以與always或否定詞not連用,也可以與for,without之類介詞連用。

  Excepting one ofhis close friends,they were present at the party.

  除了他的一個摯友外,他們都來赴宴了。

  He is an honestman,excepting for his quick temper.

  他是個老實人,只是("除了"脾氣暴躁。(同類比較except,加for異類記心間)。

  Everybody is inhigh spirits,always excepting him.大家都情緒高昂,唯他"除外"(例外)。

  Only afewsurvivors without excepting him were living in the settlement.

  包括他在內(nèi),只有幾個幸存者住在新拓居地。

  including包含:

  The new apartmentconsists of three rooms including the kitchen.

  這套公寓有三間,包括廚房。

  following在…之后:相當(dāng)于after The week following his first visit to thenewsroom he was appointed editor of the important column.在拜訪該報社編輯部的"第二個"星期,他放任命為該報重要專欄的主筆。

  regarding關(guān)于:相當(dāng)于about Regarding research investment and number ofresearchers engaged in this field of research,the an overwhelming positionfollowed by Japan."關(guān)于"投入該領(lǐng)域研究的投資額和研究人員的數(shù)量,美國占壓倒優(yōu)勢,其次是日本。

  respecting在…方面:

  Respectingeducation,health,medical care as well as production and labor technologicaldevelopment will have to be evaluated with due thought given to social systemsand humanism."在"教育、衛(wèi)生、生產(chǎn)勞動"方面",評價技術(shù)的發(fā)展需根據(jù)社會制度和人道主義。

  concerning有關(guān):

  The following aresome of the arguments both pros and cons concerning computers,thinking,andartificial intelligence.下面是"有關(guān)"計算機(jī)、思維和人工智能方面持贊成和反對態(tài)度的一些論據(jù)。

  當(dāng)然,這些ing型的介詞,在句子中也有分詞、動名詞和連詞的語法功能。excluding和including,表示排除與包含。

  Last year Britishsales to the region were more than$8 billion,while French exports,excludingarms brought in around$3 billion.去年,英國對這個地區(qū)的銷售額達(dá)80多億美元,而法國的出口額(武器除外)約為30億美元。

  Stress may depletevitamin Cin your body,as can smoking,drinking and avariety of drugs,notexcepting aspirin.生活緊張會耗盡你體內(nèi)的維生素C,正如吸煙、飲酒、服用某些藥物(包括阿斯匹林)一樣。

  but for否定用虛擬,復(fù)合介詞待后言。

  but for是"若不是"的意思。

  例:But for our great Communist Party,we couldnever have today's happiness.

  若沒有偉大的共產(chǎn)黨,我們決不會有今天的幸福生活。

  But for thischemical the vapour inside the system would not have been absorbed socompletely.若沒有這個化學(xué)劑的作用,系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的蒸汽不可能被吸收得這么徹底。

  but for將在虛擬語氣中詳講。

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