A.printable

　　B.enjoyable

　　C.recognizable

　　D.available

　　11.Paragraph 4 suggests which of the following about the significances ofMesopotamian cylinder seals?

　　A.They were designed more for home than for legal use.

　　B.They demonstrate that their creators were professionals.

　　C.They were the first example of seals made from materials other than stone.

　　D.They were the first example of carved seals.

　　12.According to paragraph 4, one of the artistic achievements of the late Uruk culturewas

　　A.Its sophisticated sculpture and relief carving.

　　B.Its architecturally complex monuments.

　　C.Its invention of stamp seals carved from stone.

　　D.Its use of highly refined glassy stoneware.

　　13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could beadded to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit? When viewed on the curvedsurface of the cylinder, the image looked distorted, but the carved image served onlyas a mold.

　　Objects themselves suggest that they were the work of skilled professionals. In the late Urukperiod(3500-3100 B.C.E.), there first appeared a type of object that remained characteristicfor Mesopotamia throughout its entire history: the cylinder seal. ■【A】This was a smallcylinder, usually no more than 3 centimeters high and 2 centimeters in diameter, of shell,bone, faience (a glassy type of stoneware), or various types of stones, on which a scene wascarved into the surface. ■【B】When rolled over a soft material----primarily the clay of bullae(round seals), tablets, or clay lumps attached to boxes,jars, or door bolts----the scene wouldappear in relief, easily legible. ■【C】The technological knowledge needed to carved it was farsuperior to that for stamp seals, which had happened in the early Neolithic period(approximately 10,000-5000 B.C.E.). ■【D】From the first appearance of cylinder seals, thecarved scenes could be highly elaborate and refined, indicating the work of specialist stone-cutters. Similarly, the late Uruk period shows the first monumental art, relief, and statuary inthe round, made with a degree of mastery that only a professional could have produced.

　　14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage isprovided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices thatexpress the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in thesummary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or areminor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.

　　Uruk, located in ancientMesopotamia, flourished in the fourth millennium B.C.E. andwas the first cityin human history.

　　A.A variety of evidence indicates that Uruk, while it supported itself primarily by agriculture,also had specialized craft workers.

　　B.The monumental sculptures of Uruk were made by the specialist stone cutters who alsoproduced small-scale relief scenes on shell, bone and faience.

　　C.The large number, standardized sizes, and simple molded construction of a type of potteryproduced in Uruk demonstrate specialized, centrally organized mass production.

　　D.Cylinder seals from the late Uruk period are far superior to the stamp earlier Neolithic period.

　　E.Archaeological evidence from across the Near East indicates that Uruk was a center for theproduction and export of highly decorated pottery made by craft specialists in private homes.

　　F.The carved designs on cylinder seals produced in Uruk are of such technical and artisticexcellence that they could only have been produced by professional artisans.

　　tpo27閱讀第一篇答案

　　1.找到句子主謂賓，主語是scholars，謂語assume，賓語是從句說“當(dāng)?shù)刈∶窨梢宰越o自足……”根據(jù)這些信息去對(duì)照選項(xiàng)，很容易得到D。A選項(xiàng)說不依賴于農(nóng)業(yè)，與原文矛盾;B說學(xué)者不能確定農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品是否夠用，也不對(duì);C的前半句就錯(cuò)了，并且原句也沒有因果的邏輯關(guān)系，排除。

　　2.surpassing, 超出，優(yōu)于。A. 在……之前;B. 超出;C.挑戰(zhàn);D比……長(zhǎng)久。根據(jù)詞義可選出B。從原文理解，這句話中出現(xiàn)了dominant size證明其占有主導(dǎo)地位，其size大于其他居民地，所以很容易得到“超過”的詞義。

　　3.A對(duì)應(yīng)于原文第二句后半句，B對(duì)應(yīng)第一題的高亮句，C與原文矛盾，Uruk 是最大的settlement，D對(duì)應(yīng)高亮句，說他們可以自給自足。

　　4.原文這句話前半句說被拋棄了，后面又說被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。中間的still有輕微的轉(zhuǎn)折意味，所以應(yīng)該是再說雖然被扔掉了，但是依然怎么樣，然后被大量發(fā)現(xiàn)了?？梢酝ㄟ^帶入的方式來排除。A未售的，不對(duì)。B沒用過的，也不通順。C未受損的，通順，選。 D未上色的，文章沒提到，也跟原句邏輯不符。

　　5.A，原文說不知道為什么被拋棄了，錯(cuò)。B，原文說這種陶器長(zhǎng)得都一樣(made in a mold)，而且沒有decoration。C，原文對(duì)其style進(jìn)行了描述說它是一種很淺的用模具做得碗。因此可知它的style是很統(tǒng)一的。D正確對(duì)應(yīng)原文“hence, in only a limited number of standard sizes”.

　　6.A原文并沒說不從事農(nóng)業(yè)的人有更高的社會(huì)地位。B原文第二句but…說有些人開始了specializedactivities，正確選。C對(duì)應(yīng)原文第四句，說這種碗是“undecorated， utilitarian”，所以C錯(cuò)。 D原文第三句說到了growth of variety，而選項(xiàng)說單一，所以矛盾，不選。

　　7.根據(jù)textile production定位至第二句。已用紅色部分標(biāo)出。原文寫到的，have been centrallyadministered。于此可判斷B，D錯(cuò)誤，C根據(jù)from later third millennium texts證明是被documented，所以C不對(duì)。正確答案為A，對(duì)應(yīng)vital in the economy。

　　8.interpreted是解釋的意思。A有文件證明;B是爭(zhēng)論;C是顯示;D是理解。這里帶入后可以知道D選項(xiàng)最合適，has been interpreted as……后面是對(duì)metal producing workshop的作用進(jìn)行了解釋。

　　9.前面幾段都提到了各種類型的mass production，這段第一句也又一次提到了certain goods were latermade by skilled artisian。A，D都不對(duì)，因?yàn)樵臎]有對(duì)比的邏輯。C也不符合上下文邏輯，文章本段主題也不是這個(gè)。B正確。

　　10.原詞為清晰的意思。A是可排版的，B是有趣味的，C是可看清的，可辨認(rèn)的，D是可利用的。C正確。根據(jù)那一句的詞義，說出現(xiàn)的怎么樣，也可以輕易退出應(yīng)該用清晰的出現(xiàn)。

　　11.整段文章都在寫cylinder seal ，本段的第一句話也就是中心句說Objects themselves suggest thatthey were the work of skilled professionals,證明這段是在舉例說明去professional skill，因此選擇B。

　　12.A

　　13.這里要插入的句子是說這個(gè)印章的表面非常的扭曲，但只是作為了一個(gè)模型。這里出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折。那證明后面應(yīng)該會(huì)出現(xiàn)與其相反的態(tài)度的描述。A處剛開始描述印章的樣子，到B處插入句子非常流暢，自然而然的說到了印章的表面。B處之后出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折說印在軟質(zhì)地材料上的圖案非常清晰。邏輯合理。C，D邏輯都不通。

　　14.A正確，選，對(duì)應(yīng)文章第一段的高亮句(第一題)和第二段第二句。B無明顯錯(cuò)誤，對(duì)應(yīng)最后一段的倒數(shù)第三局，但只是細(xì)節(jié)，不選。C原文并沒有說做這個(gè)monumental sculpture的人和做印章的是一樣的人。D錯(cuò)誤，highly decorated pottery與原文矛盾，原文第二段第四句說undecorated utilitarian pottery.E正確，選，對(duì)應(yīng)原文第二段。F正確，選。對(duì)應(yīng)原文最后一段。