知識(shí)點(diǎn)在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中占據(jù)非常重要的地位,下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家?guī)?lái)的冀教版中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)，相信對(duì)你會(huì)有幫助的。

　　冀教版中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：主語(yǔ)

　　(1)由名詞、代詞(人稱代詞用主格)、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞等充當(dāng),說(shuō)明動(dòng)作是“誰(shuí)”發(fā)出的。如：The painter painted a very nice picture. (畫(huà)家畫(huà)了一幅漂亮的畫(huà)。) / They fought against SARS bravely. (他們勇敢地與非典搏斗。) / To see is to believe. (耳聽(tīng)為虛眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)). / Helping animals is to help people. (幫助動(dòng)物就是幫助人類。)

　　(2)動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)可用it代替,而不定式或動(dòng)名詞移至表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)之后。如：It is very comfortable to have a Class A seat during the long journey. (在長(zhǎng)途旅行中能有個(gè)甲等座位簡(jiǎn)直太舒服了。) / Eating too much is bad for your health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.) (吃得太多對(duì)你的身體不利。)

　　(3)口語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)主語(yǔ)或“主--系”省略：(It is) nothing. ((那)沒(méi)有什么。)/ (It) doesn’t matter. ((那)沒(méi)有關(guān)系。) / (I) thank you. ((我)謝謝你。)

　　(4)反意問(wèn)句的附加問(wèn)句,主語(yǔ)必須是代詞：The man looks worried,doesn’t he? (這個(gè)人看上去很著急不是嗎?) / Tigers are dangerous animals, aren’t they? (老虎是危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物不是嗎?)

　　(5)祈使句一般省略主語(yǔ)。加主語(yǔ)時(shí)往往用來(lái)指定某個(gè)人。Keep the keyboards clean, children. (孩子們請(qǐng)保持鍵盤(pán)的清潔。) (省略了主語(yǔ)) / You go there and fetch me a glass of water. (你去給我弄一杯水來(lái)。)

　　(6)主語(yǔ)一般在句首,但在問(wèn)句中會(huì)處于第二位和句尾;倒裝句及there be句型主語(yǔ)在動(dòng)詞之后。如：Computers are made in this factory. (計(jì)算機(jī)生產(chǎn)于這家工廠。) / Where are they? (他們?cè)谀膬?) / Does the boy like staying home? (這個(gè)男孩喜歡呆在家里嗎?)

　　(7)主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)必須保持單、復(fù)數(shù)的一致, 而謂語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有這一要求。Neither Jim nor Rose has passed the exam. (Jim和Rose都沒(méi)有通過(guò)考試。) / The Chinese people are a hardworking and brave people. (中華民族是一個(gè)勤勞勇敢的民族。)

　　(8)主語(yǔ)可以由從句充當(dāng),詳見(jiàn)“主語(yǔ)從句”。

　　冀教版中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：謂語(yǔ)

　　(1)由“不及物動(dòng)詞”、“及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)”或“系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”等構(gòu)成,說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么樣”。如：

　　He travelled in space for the first time.(他首次在太空旅行。) / Who teaches you English this year?(今年誰(shuí)教你們的英語(yǔ)?) / The pizza has gone bad. (那塊烤餡餅已經(jīng)變壞。) /

　　(2)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須反映出人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)等信息,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞往往由下列詞語(yǔ)依序排列構(gòu)成：[情態(tài)動(dòng)詞]+[時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞]+[語(yǔ)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞]+[主要?jiǎng)釉~](不一定全部出現(xiàn))。(見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成表)　記?。褐^語(yǔ)部分第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞往往是變形動(dòng)詞。如：

　　I am sorry I am making so much noise but I have to. (對(duì)不起我發(fā)出了太大的聲音但是只能這樣。) / He can’t have finished reading the 800-page-long novel. (他不可能讀完了那本長(zhǎng)達(dá)800頁(yè)的小說(shuō)。) / Something must be done to stop the fowl flu from spreading out. (該采取措施防止禽流感蔓延。)

　　(3)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞切忌用“行為動(dòng)詞1 + 原形動(dòng)詞”、“be + 原形動(dòng)詞”。

　　記住使用下列正確形式：

　?、偾閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞+原形動(dòng)詞。如：You’d better go over the lesson.(你最好復(fù)習(xí)這一課。)

　?、趕hall/ will/ would+原形動(dòng)詞。如：They should have been there once.(他們應(yīng)該去過(guò)那兒。)

　?、踒e+現(xiàn)在分詞或者過(guò)去分詞。如：What are you doing this evening?(今晚你打算做什么?)/ Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(自從20世紀(jì)70年代大批樹(shù)木被砍伐。)

　　④have+過(guò)去分詞。如：Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(意思同上)

　?、菀话銜r(shí)問(wèn)句和否定句中：do/does/did+原形動(dòng)詞。如：He does not enjoy himself very much.(他日子過(guò)的不好。)/ Did any of you see dinosaur eggs?(你們當(dāng)中有誰(shuí)見(jiàn)過(guò)恐龍蛋嗎?)

　?、扌袨閯?dòng)詞1+行為動(dòng)詞2 (不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞等形式)。如：He made up his mind to be a vet.(他拿定主意要做個(gè)獸醫(yī)。)/ Feeling good about yourself is essential to feeling good about life.(自尊自愛(ài)是享受生活的根本。)/ They wake up the other family members, calling,“Merry Christmas!”(他們叫醒家庭的其他成員,呼喊著：圣誕快樂(lè)!)/ The kings of ancient Egypt had strong tombs built for themselves.(古代的埃及國(guó)王讓人給他們自己修建堅(jiān)固的墳?zāi)埂?

　　(4)不可用形容詞、名詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ),必須在此之前加連系動(dòng)詞。

　　(5)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式：?jiǎn)螖?shù)形式的動(dòng)詞有：is,was,has,does以及“動(dòng)詞+s”;復(fù)數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞有：are,were,have以及動(dòng)詞原形。其他動(dòng)詞不分單、復(fù)數(shù)。

　　記?。褐髡Z(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)必須保持一致。(參見(jiàn)“4、名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)和謂語(yǔ)之間的單復(fù)數(shù)的一致問(wèn)題：”) Air and water is necessary to us all.(空氣和水對(duì)于我們大家是必不可少的。)

　　(6)一般問(wèn)句和反意問(wèn)句的回答不使用行為動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)該使用“是”動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞(be,will,have,do以及變形)。如：The Olympic Games is held every other year, isn’t it? ----Yes, it is.(奧運(yùn)會(huì)每?jī)赡昱e辦一次,是嗎?----是的。)

　　冀教版中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：賓語(yǔ)

　　(1) 由名詞、代詞(人稱代詞要用賓格)、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、(賓語(yǔ))從句充當(dāng),表示動(dòng)作的承受者是“誰(shuí)”或者是“何物”。如： The angel also came to Joseph and told him the same thing.(那個(gè)天使同樣來(lái)到約瑟夫面前并且告訴他同樣的事情。)(代詞和名詞充當(dāng)兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)) / He told me that the company could not afford to pay him so much money.(他告訴我說(shuō)公司付不起他那么多的錢(qián)。)(不定式作賓語(yǔ)) / They enjoy watching football games so much that they often forget their lessons.(他們?nèi)绱讼矏?ài)看足球以至于常常忘記了他們的功課。)(動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)) / I think to be a children’s doctor is very rewarding.(我認(rèn)為當(dāng)個(gè)兒童醫(yī)生是很值得的。)(從句作賓語(yǔ))

　　(2) 只有及物動(dòng)詞或介詞才有賓語(yǔ),不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ),如果涉及到事物,則必須在不及物動(dòng)詞后面加合適的介詞。Listen to the radio. (listen不是及物動(dòng)詞,故加to。) / Can you hear anything exciting?(你能聽(tīng)到什么令人興奮的消息嗎?)

　　(3) 賓語(yǔ)一般放在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的后面,但是在疑問(wèn)句中,如果賓語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)詞,則賓語(yǔ)要放在句首。介詞的賓語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)詞,則可以放在介詞后或句首。如：What did he see? (他看見(jiàn)了什么?) / What does he write a letter with? (他用什么寫(xiě)的信?) / With what does he write a letter? (他用什么寫(xiě)的信?)

　　(4)“動(dòng)詞+副詞+賓語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中,如果賓語(yǔ)是代詞,則代詞必須放在“動(dòng)”“副”之間。如：Please put the shoes away. (請(qǐng)把鞋子收起來(lái)。) / Please put away the shoes. (請(qǐng)把鞋子收起來(lái)。) / Please put them away. (請(qǐng)把它們收起來(lái)。)

　　(5) 動(dòng)詞后面跟雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以采用兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：

　?、賱?dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)(人)+直接賓語(yǔ)(物)。如：He often gives me some help. (他常常幫我。)

　?、趧?dòng)詞+直接賓語(yǔ)+介詞+間接賓語(yǔ)。注意,一般情況介詞用to,但動(dòng)詞是make, buy, borrow時(shí),介詞用for.如： Please make me a kite. (請(qǐng)給我做個(gè)風(fēng)箏。)或Please make a kite for me.

　　(6) 在“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中,如果賓語(yǔ)是不定式、動(dòng)名詞、賓語(yǔ)從句,則常用it做形式賓語(yǔ),而將實(shí)際的賓語(yǔ)移到補(bǔ)語(yǔ)后面去。如：I found the job rather difficult. (我發(fā)覺(jué)這個(gè)工作相當(dāng)難做。) / I found it rather difficult to do the job.

　　(7) 賓語(yǔ)可以由從句充當(dāng),詳見(jiàn)“賓語(yǔ)從句”。

　　冀教版中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：表語(yǔ)

　　(1) 說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、狀況等含義的成分,通常由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、名詞、代詞等充當(dāng)。如：He became a doctor after he left high school.(高中畢業(yè)他當(dāng)上了醫(yī)生。) / The rubber wheels are over there.(橡膠輪子在那邊。) / He does not feel like eating anything today because he has caught a bad cold.(他今天不想吃任何東西因?yàn)樗昧酥馗忻啊? / Who is it?(誰(shuí)呀?)

　　(2) 表語(yǔ)只能放在連系動(dòng)詞(如：be,look,become,turn get,grow,feel,seem) 之后,對(duì)表語(yǔ)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)的句子除外。

　　(3) 代詞做表語(yǔ)一般用主格,口語(yǔ)中常用賓。如：It’s I. (It’s me.)是我。

　　(4) 只能作表語(yǔ)的形容詞有：sorry,afraid,alone,asleep,awake,ill,well,sure,interested等等。He was terribly sorry for his carelessness.(他很為他的粗心而歉疚。) / Please make no noise here; the baby is asleep.(請(qǐng)不要發(fā)出響動(dòng),嬰兒正熟睡呢。) / I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!(我只是對(duì)獨(dú)坐孤舟無(wú)所事事感興趣。) / I am not alone in thinking so.(并非只有我才這樣想的。)

　　(5) 表語(yǔ)也可以由從句充當(dāng),詳見(jiàn)“表語(yǔ)從句”。

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