高考英語全國新高考Ⅰ卷試題及答案（篇1）

一. 直接引語和間接引語

(一)直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語;用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi)，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。

1. 時態(tài)的變化：直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態(tài)，即把原來的時態(tài)向過去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時，現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時，等等。例如：

Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”

→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.

2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據(jù)意義進行相應(yīng)的變化，例如：

She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”

→She asked Jack where he had been.

He said,“These books are mine.”

→He said that those books were his.

(二)直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導(dǎo)間接引語。轉(zhuǎn)述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其后加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如：

She said,“Is your father at home?”

→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.

“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.

→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.

直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)原句的語氣(即請求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：

She said to us,“Please sit down.”

→She asked us to sit down.

He said to him,“Go away!”

→He ordered him to go away.

He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”

→He told the boys not to make so much noise.

高考英語全國新高考Ⅰ卷試題及答案（篇2）

1. 賓語從句：一般疑問句做賓語，引入if或whether

例句： I want to know if he will join us in the discussion?

2. 原因狀語從句：since引導(dǎo)的

例句： Don’t eat too much sugar since it is bad for your health.

3. 否定詞前置倒裝：scarcely...when。.

例句： Scarcely had he arrived at home when it began to rain.

4. If虛擬條件句

跟現(xiàn)在事實相反 一般過去式(be用were) would/should/might/could +動原

跟過去事實相反 had+done would/should/might/could+have done

跟將來事實相反 should+動原;were to do sth would/should/might/could +動原

5. 賓語從句：放在介詞后面，作介詞的賓語。

例句：I know nothing about him except that he used to work in Shanghai.

6.狀語從句省略(分詞作狀語)：從句的主語和狀語從句的主語一致，狀從省略采用分詞作狀語。例句：

(Because) being short of money, we can’t afford a TV set. =Because we are short of money, we can’t afford a TV set.