4、詞義句意題解題技巧

　　要求考生通過閱讀上下文，結(jié)合中學(xué)生應(yīng)有的賞識來推測尚不熟悉的詞或者詞組的意思。出現(xiàn)特征：劃線或者引號

　　解題方法之一：根據(jù)上下文，往往是本句中的同位關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測。

　　Weeks later， standing before this unfriendly mass， I was totally lost. Oh well， I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk， burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report， it all became clear， “My report is on George Washington， the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?

　　62. The underlined word “burning” in Para. 3 probably means _______.(2012年北京，B篇，62，答案D)

　　A. annoyed B. ashamed C. ready D. eager

　　解析：從burning這個詞來說，意為“發(fā)熱的，強烈的，燃燒的”，后面緊跟動詞詞組“find out”說明在尋找時刻的心情是很緊張和急迫的，最后是一個賓語從句，是我曾經(jīng)做錯過什么，那么這個題目顯然就是選擇和“渴望的，熱切的”詞義，顯然為D選項。

　　5、結(jié)構(gòu)順序題解題技巧

　　常見提問方式：

　　How is the passage organized?

　　Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?

　　The author develops the passage mainly by….

　　解題思路：

　　(1) 注意主題段。主題段通常在文章的開頭，簡要概括文章的中心思想，

　　(2) 找出或者總結(jié)每段的主題句。主題句可能在段落的開頭，也可能出現(xiàn)在段落的中間或末尾。如何確定主題句的方法見主旨題之main idea型。

　　(3) 最后根據(jù)每段主題確定段與段之間的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系，承上啟下，使文章行文連貫，邏輯嚴(yán)密。為突出主題，作者可能采用不同的寫作手法來組織文章，通過舉例、比較、類比等手法來透徹闡明主題觀點。

　　The Diet Zone： A Dangerous Place

　　Diet Coke， diet Pepsi， diet pills， no-fat diet， vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically(身體上).

　　Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level， we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight， but in controlling the consumption of fatty， high-calorie， unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale(秤)instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.

　　On another level， diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink， we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain， and that life can be without resistance and struggle.

　　The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us， but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(營養(yǎng)成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calories only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional， and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.

　　Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us， it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds， not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this， we will be much better able to resist diet products， and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them. (2008高考英語北京卷E篇)

　　二、七選五型閱讀

　　考生需要在語篇信息存在缺失的情況下，準(zhǔn)確理解整篇文章，特別是設(shè)題部位前后句的邏輯關(guān)系，通過上下文的線索進(jìn)行判斷，預(yù)測下文，然后做出正確判斷。

　　命題分析：我們?nèi)绻颜恼驴闯梢粋€信息群，這個信息群實際上是由兩大信息版塊構(gòu)成的：

　　已知信息：原文在五處空缺之外的沒有被挖掉的信息

　　待選信息：七個待選選項中的信息

　　這兩個信息板塊間絕不是孤立的，而是有緊密的互動邏輯關(guān)系，連起來是一篇完整的文章。

　　考試題型對學(xué)生的考察能力來看無外乎兩個方面：

　　(1) 把握整篇文章的布局和邏輯層次關(guān)系

　　(2) 把握微觀信息間關(guān)聯(lián)性(即空格前后句間關(guān)系)

　　解題方法：詞匯同現(xiàn)、詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)、代詞妙用、數(shù)字線索、邏輯線索。

　　Muzak

　　The next time you go into a bank， a store， or a supermarket， stop and listen. What do you hear? _____ (71) It's similar to the music you listen to， but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you， or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing， but you react to the music anyway.

　　Quiet background music used to be called “elevator (電梯) music” because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places， and it has a new name “Muzak”. About one-third of the people in America listen to “Muzak” everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time， with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning， and between three and four in the afternoon， when people are more tired.______ (72)

　　If you listen to Muzak carefully， you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak， but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? _____ (73)

　　Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. _____ (74)Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.

　　_____ (75)They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another， Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!( 2010年高考英語北京卷)

　　A. Some people don't like Muzak.

　　B. The music gives them extra energy.

　　C. Music is playing in the background.

　　D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.

　　E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.

　　F. They ge t as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.

　　G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.

　　答案：CBFDA

　　代詞妙用：代詞指代前面提到的thing， 所以只要找到與代詞含義一致的詞就可搞定。

　　71空格后面出現(xiàn)“It's similar to the music you listen to，”那么我們只要分析出其中的“it”的具體指代即可，通過題目及略讀下文，我們很容易知道該文介紹一種音樂，而且第一段故作懸念，一直未給出其名字，所以我們只要找到選項中包含音樂一詞而沒有點名繆扎克一詞的即可，很容易鎖定BC選項，因為B項意義與下文相去甚遠(yuǎn)，故舍B取C沒商量。

　　75空格后出現(xiàn)“They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time.”，同理，我們就要確定“they”的具體指代，首先由于“say”的出現(xiàn)，我們鎖定“they”為人的復(fù)數(shù)，所以輕松鎖定ADF，所謂真金不怕火來煉，D顯然邏輯不通，F(xiàn)由于其主語也為人，段落第一句永遠(yuǎn)不會出現(xiàn)意思不明的代詞(we， you 除外，因為它們可以明確指代廣義的人)，故輕松排除F選出真金A。

　　72此題雖然不是明顯的后文出現(xiàn)代詞，但其前亦有代詞出現(xiàn)，“It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning，”下文承接上文，肯定有聯(lián)系，找出“it”的具體指代-the music， 輕松選出B項。(注：也可應(yīng)用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法)

　　詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法：情非得已時選擇的一種方法，知道與前后文中有詞匯重復(fù)的選項即可，有時也可指含義一致的詞匯，如72

　　73前文中“but others are happy when their songs are chosen”有“their songs”， F項亦有相同詞匯出現(xiàn)，放進(jìn)去，意思通曉明白，搞定。

　　74后文中“Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.有”percent more“，D項亦有相同詞匯出現(xiàn)，且意思連貫，選出即可。

　　72題中前句中出現(xiàn)”when people are more tired. “能夠與”tired“相對應(yīng)的四選項中只有”energy“，累了對應(yīng)能量，亦可做出此題。

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