2017中考英語全程知識點總結(二)
【知識梳理】
I. 重點短語
1. a bottle of2. a little3. a lot (of)
2. all day5. be from6. be over
3. come back8. come from9. do one’s homework
4. do the shopping11. get down12. get home
5. get to14. get up15. go shopping
6. have a drink of17. have a look18. have breakfast
7. have lunch20. have supper21. listen to
8. not…at all23. put…away24. take off
9. throw it like that26. would like27. in the middle of the day
10. in the morning / afternoon/ evening
11. on a farm30. in a factory
II. 重要句型
1. Let sb. do sth.
2. Could sb. do sth.?
3. would like sth.
4. would like to do sth.
5. What about something to eat?
6. How do you spell …?
7. May I borrow…?
III. 交際用語
1. —Thanks very much!
—You're welcome.
2. Put it/them away.
3. What's wrong?
4. I think so.
I don't think so.
5. I want to take some books to the classroom.
6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.
Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.
9. What's your favourite sport?
10. Don't worry.
11.I’m (not) good at basketball.
12. Do you want a go?
13. That's right./ That‘s all right./ All right.
14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
15. We / They have some CDs.
We / They don’t have any CDs.
16. ---What day is it today / tomorrow?
---It’s Monday.
17. ---May I borrow your colour pens, please?
---Certainly. Here you are.
18. ---Where are you from?
---From Beijing.
19. What's your telephone number in New York?
20. ---Do you like hot dogs?
---Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)
---No, I don't. ( I don't like them at all.)
21. ---What does your mother like?
---She likes dumplings and vegetables very much.
22. ---When do you go to school every day?
---I go to school at 7:00 every day.
23. ---What time does he go to bed in the evening?
---He goes to bed at 10:00.
IV. 重要語法
1.人稱代詞的用法;
2. 祈使句;
3. 現(xiàn)在進行時的構成和用法;
4.動詞have的用法;
5.一般現(xiàn)在時構成和用法;
6.可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構成和用法
【名師講解】
1. That's right./ That‘s all right./ All right.
That’s right意為“對的”，表示贊同對方的意見、看法或行為，肯定對方的答案或判斷。例如：
"I think we must help the old man.""我想我們應該幫助這位老人。"
"That's right."或 "You're right.""說得對"。
That’s all right.意為“不用謝”、“沒關系”，用來回答對方的致謝或道歉。例如：
"Many thanks." "That's all right."
"Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right."
All right.意為“行了”、“可以”，表示同意對方的建議或要求。有時還可以表示“身體很好”
"Please tell me about it." "請把此事告訴我。"
"All right.""好吧。"
Is your mother all right?你媽身體好嗎
2. make/do
這兩個詞都可以解釋為“做”，但含義卻不同，不能混用。make指做東西或制東西，do指做一件具體的事。
Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能為我做個紙船嗎?
He’s doing his homework now.他正在做他的作業(yè)。
3. say/speak/talk/tell
say：是最口語化的最普通的一個詞，意為“說出”、“說道”，著重所說的話。如：
“I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他說，“我要坐汽車到那里去。”
Please say it in English .請用英語說。
speak : “說話”，著重開口發(fā)聲，不著重所說的內(nèi)容，一般用作不及物動詞 (即后面不能直接接賓語 ) 。如：
Can you speak about him? 你能不能說說他的情況?
I don’t like to speak like this. 我不喜歡這樣說話。
speak 作及物動詞解時，只能和某種語言等連用，表達在對話中恰當使用詞匯的能力。如：
She speaks English well.她英語說得好。
talk : 與 speak 意義相近，也著重說話的動作，而不著重所說的話，因此，一般也只用作不及物動詞， 不過，talk 暗示話是對某人說的，有較強的對話意味，著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話。如：
I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他談那件事。
Old women like to talk with children.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。
tell : “告訴”，除較少情況外，一般后面總接雙賓語。如：
He’s telling me a story.他在給我講故事。
tell a lie 撒謊
tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.
Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.
4. do cooking/ do the cooking
do cooking 作“做飯”解，屬泛指。do the cooking 特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cooking為動名詞，不能用作復數(shù)，但前面可用 some, much修飾。從do some cooking可引出許多類似的短語：
do some washing 洗些衣服
do some shopping 買些東西
do some reading 讀書
do some writing 寫些東西
do some fishing 釣魚
從以上短語可引申出另一類短語，不能用some, much或定冠詞。
go shopping 去買東西
go fishing 去釣魚
go boating 去劃船
go swimming 去游泳
5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.
like doing sth. 與like to do sth. 意思相同，但用法有區(qū)別。前者強調一般性的愛好或者表示動作的習慣性和經(jīng)常性;后來表示一次性和偶然性的動作。例如：
He likes playing football, but he doesn‘t like to play football with Li Ming.
他喜歡踢足球，但是他不喜歡和李明踢。